Regarding Abbreviations see the relevant discussion in Review of General Features of Minuscule Book-scripts
10th-c. / early 11th-c. Manuscripts, Some examples
– Moscow, Synod. gr. 103 (Chrysostom) and Vatican, BAV, gr. 90 (Lucian with scholia by Alexandros of Nikaia); 10th c., first half; scribe: Epiphanios
Kavrus-Hoffmann, N. (2010) “From Pre-Bouletée to Bouletée: Scribe Epiphanios and the Codices Mosq. Synod. gr. 103 and Vatican, BAV, gr. 90,” in: The Legacy of Bernard de Montfaucon (Turnhout) 55-66 and 693-700.
– Paris, BNF, gr. 1741 (parchment; 10th c., first half): Aristotle’s Rhetoric and Poetics. The ms. also contains Demetrius’ On Style, the rhetorician Menander, and a few other theoreticians of the Roman Greek period such as Dionysius of Halicarnassus (On Composition) and Longinus (Art of Rhetoric); for a description see Harlfinger, D. and D. Reinsch (1970) “Die Aristotelica des Parisinus Gr. 1741,” Philologus 114: 28-50. and Irigoin, J. (1997) Tradition et critique des textes grecs (Paris) 171-182.
In the late 13th c. the ms. belonged to Theodoros Skoutariotes
– London, British Library Add. 36749 (parchment; 10th c., first half)
Gregory of Nazianzos, Letters. Cf. Gallay, P. (1957) Les manuscrits des lettres de saint Grégoire de Nazianze (Paris).
Anonymous Professor (ca. 870-ca. 945; 122 letters); cf. Markopoulos, A. (ed.) (2000) Anonymi Professoris Epistulae (Berlin) 22-25.
– Venetus A = Venice, BNM, gr. Z. 454
See e.g. Hecquet, M. (2009) “An Initial Codicological and Palaeographical Investigation of the Venetus A Manuscript of the Iliad,” in C. Dué, Recapturing a Homeric legacy (Washington, D.C. and Cambridge, Mass.) 57-87. Cf. further the relevant page on Pinakes.
– Florence, BML, Plut. 70.3 (Herodotus)
Cf. Luzzatto, M. J. (1999) Tzetzes lettore di Tucidide: note autografe sul Codice Heidelberg palatino greco 252 (Bari).
– Palatine Anthology = Anthologia Graeca (ed. Beckby): now 2 mss.: Heidelberg, Universitätsbibliothek, Pal. gr. 23 and Paris, BNF, suppl. gr. 384.
Cameron, A. (1993) The Greek Anthology from Meleager to Planudes (Oxford).
Orsini, P. (2000) “Lo scriba J dell’ Antologia Palatina e Costantino Rodio,” BollGrott 54: 425-435.
Lauxtermann, M. D. (2003) Byzantine Poetry from Pisides to Geometres: Texts and Contexts. Vol. 1 (Vienna).
Lauxtermann, M.D. (2007) “The Anthology of Cephalas,” in M. Hinterberger and E. Schiffer (ed.), Byzantinische Sprachkunst. Studien zur byzantinischen Literatur gewidmet Wolfram Hörander zum 65. Geburtstag (New York) 194-208.
– Paris, BNF, suppl. gr. 469A: Scholia on Gregory of Nazianzos’ Homilies
cf. Mossay, J. (1981-98) Repertorium Nazianzenum. Orationes. Textus Graecus, I-VI (Paderborn, Munich, Vienna, and Zurich).
Smith, J. N. (1987) “A Revised List of the Manuscripts of the Pseudo-Nonnos Mythological Commentaries on Four Sermons by Gregory of Nazianzus,” Byzantion 57: 93-113.
Smith, J. N. (ed.) (1992) Pseudo-Nonniani in IV orationes Gregorii Nazianzeni Commentarii; collationibus, versionum Syriacarum a Sebastian Brock, versionisque Armeniacae a Bernard Coulie additis (Turnhout).
Smith, J. N. (2001) A Christian’s Guide to Greek Culture: The Pseudo-Nonnus “Commentaries” on Sermons 4, 5, 39 and 43 by Gregory of Nazianzus (Liverpool).
Cf. http://pot-pourri.fltr.ucl.ac.be/manuscrits/Commentateurs/DEFAULT.HTM
– Paris, BNF, gr. 497: Basil of Caesarea’s homilies, along with Gregory of Nazianzos’ celebrated Epitaphios for Basil at the end of the codex; copied by Niketas, eunuch, navy general; while in captivity in North Africa: (f. 321r) οἰκείᾳ χειρὶ Νικήτα . . . ὄντος αὐτοῦ ἐν τῷ δεσμωτηρίῳ Ἀφρικῆς (in September 966)
– Vatican, BAV, gr. 156 (second half of the 10th c.): Zosimos (5th/6th c.), New History
Karpozilos, A. (1997) Βυζαντινοὶ ἱστορικοὶ καὶ χρονογράφοι. Τόμος Α’ (4ος-7ος αἰ.) (Athens) 340-367.
Forcina, A. M. (1987) Lettori bizantini di Zosimo: le note marginali del cod. Vat. gr. 156 (Milan).
– Venice, Marc. gr. 418 (second half of the 10th c.): Demosthenes
For another Demosthenes’ ms. cf. Paris, BNF, gr. 2934 (on parchment of excellent quality)
Cf. Gamillscheg, E. (2014) “Demosthenes in Konstantinopel. Zur Lokalisierung von Cod. Par. gr. 2934,” in Gruskova and Bannert (eds.) Demosthenica libris manu scriptis tradita (Vienna) 191-198.
Mondrain, B. (2000) “Janus Lascaris copiste et ses livres,” in: I manoscritti greci tra riflessione e dibattito: 417-426.
Mazzucchi, C. (2010) “Per la storia medievale dei codici biblici B e Q, del Demostene Par. gr. 2934, del Dione Cassio Vat. gr. 1288 e dell’ “Ilias Picta” ambrosiana,” in: The Legacy of Bernard de Montfaucon (Turnhout) 133-141 and 745-749.
Gamillscheg, E. (2014) “Demosthenes in Konstantinopel. Zur Lokalisierung von Cod. Par. gr. 2934,” in Gruskova and Bannert (eds.) Demosthenica libris manu scriptis tradita (Vienna) 191-198.
– Vatican, BAV, gr. 511: Patristic collection
Constas, N. (2001) “‘To Sleep, Perchance to Dream’: The Middle State of Souls in Patristic and Byzantine Literature,” Dumbarton Oaks Papers 55: 92-124.
van Deun, P. (2005) “Le “De anima et angelis” attribué à Eustrate de Constantinople (CPG 7523): un texte fantôme ?” in Sacris Erudiri 44: 219-226.
– Florence, BML, Plut. 32.9: Sophocles, Aeschylus, Apollonius of Rhodes, Apollodorus
Kavrus-Hoffmann, N. (2010) “From Pre-Bouletée to Bouletée: Scribe Epiphanios and the Codices Mosq. Synod. gr. 103 and Vat. gr. 90,” in: The Legacy of Bernard de Montfaucon (Turnhout) 55-66 and 693-700.
Bibliography
Orsini, P. (2006) “Γράφειν οὐκ εἰς κάλλος. Le minuscole greche informali del X secolo,” Studi Medievali 47: 549-588.
Orsini, P. (2008) “Minuscole greche informali del X secolo,” in Πρακτικά του ΣΤ’ Διεθνούς Συμποσίου (Athens) 41-70.
Ἐφραὶμ μοναχὸς (RGK III 196)
Vatican, BAV, gr. 124 (Polybios): a. 947 or 962
Venice, Marc. gr. 201 (Aristotle): a. 954
Vatican, BAV, Urb. gr. 130 (Hermogenes)
Athos, Stavroniketa 43 (Tetraeuangelion)
Athos, Vatopedi 949 (Tetraeuangelion. Dated: 948)
- script inclined slightly to the right
- characteristic ligatures: 1) ρα and ρο (a cursive feature that first appears in the mid-10th c. and in the hand of Ephraim); 2) επ: the ascender of the minuscule ε is joined with the horizontal line of the majuscule π
Lake, K. and S. Lake (1943) “The Scribe Ephraim,” Journal of Biblical Literature 62: 263-268.
Irigoin, J. (1959) “Pour une étude des centres de copie byzantins, ii.2. Le scriptorium d’Ephrem,” Scriptorium 13: 177-209, esp. 181-195.
Moore, J. M. (1965) The Manuscript Tradition of Polybius (Cambridge).
Perria, L. (1977-79) “Un nuovo codice di Efrem: l’Urb. gr. 130,” RSBN ns 14-16: 33-114.
Fonkič, B. L. (1980-82) “Scriptoria bizantini. Risultati e prospettive della ricerca,” RSBN 17-19: 83-92.
Prato, G. (1982) “Il monaco Efrem e la sua scrittura. A proposito di un nuovo codice sottoscritto (Athen. 1),” S&C 6: 99-115 [repr. in: id., Studi di paleografia greca (Spoleto 1994) ch. 2].
Perria, L. (1983) “Osservazioni su alcuni manoscritti in minuscola “tipo Efrem”,” in P. L. Leone (ed.), Studi bizantini e neogreci, Atti del IV Congresso Nazionale di Studi bizantini (Lecce-Calimera, 21-24 aprile 1980) (Galatina) 137-145.
Iacobini A. and L. Perria (2000) “Un Vangelo della Rinascenza macedona al Monte Athos. Nuove ipotesi sullo Stavronikita 43 e il suo scriba,” RSBN, N. s. 37: 89-98.
11th c. second half – 12th c. first half
Wilson, N. G. (1977) “Scholarly Hands of the Middle Byzantine Period,” in: La paléographie grecque et byzantine (Paris) 221-239.
Canart, P. and L. Perria (1991) “Les écritures livresque des XIe et XIIe siècles,” in Paleografia e codicologia greca : atti del II Colloquio internazionale (Berlino-Wolfenbüttel, 17-21 ottobre 1983), eds. D. Harlfinger and G. Prato (with M. D’Agostino and A. Doda), 2 vols. Alessandria: I 67-118. (repr. inreprinted in P. Canart, Études de paléographie et de codicologie, 2 vols. Vatican 2008: II 933-1000).
(based primarily on dated mss. in the collections of Paris [805 on parchment; 40 on paper] and the Vatican [506 on parchment; 67 on paper])
Cavallo, G. (2000) “Scritture informali, cambio grafico e pratiche librarie a Bisanzio tra i secoli XI e XII,” in G. Prato (ed.), I manoscritti greci tra riflessione e dibattito: atti del V Colloquio internazionale di paleografia greca: Cremona, 4-10 ottobre 1998 (Florence 2000) vol. 1:219-238 and 3:151-178.
Bianconi, D. “Età Comnena e cultura scritta: Materiali e considerazioni alle origini di una ricerca”, in A. Bravo García and I. Pérez Martín (eds. with the assist. of J. Signes Codoñer), The Legacy of Bernard de Montfaucon: Three Hundred Years of Studies on Greek Handwriting. Proceedings of the Seventh International Colloquium of Greek Palaeography (Madrid – Salamanca, 15 – 20 September 2008) (Turnhout 2010) 75-96 and 707-718.
Characteristics (some of which deriving from cursive/documentary practices) that may be found in “in-formal” hands from the mid-eleventh-c. or so onwards (cf. Wilson 1977; also Canart and Perria 1991):
- majuscule β, γ, ε, κ, τ are enlarged
- enlarged signs for the compendia: -αι, -ον, -ων
- open ligatures: σ in στ, ασ, ερ, ετ
- semi majuscule α: a long oblique stroke at an angle of 60° to 70° in relation to ruled line, and a loop attached to the stroke
- ι adscript begins to look like ι subscript
- bowl-shaped υ (Wannenypsilon)
- more abbreviations: e.g. καὶ
- letters on or inside other letters
- long grave accents
- tall ι and τ are frequent
- minuscule δ may have a disproportionally elongated upper stroke
- φ may have an inflated top loop
Some examples:
Jerusalem, Greek Patriarchate, Panagiou Taphou 54 (scribe: Leon notarios, 1056): John Chrysostom, Synopsis of the Old and New Testaments (PG 56 313-386); Barnabas, Letter; Clemens of Rome, Letters; Didache; Ignatios, Letters
British Library, Burney MS 86 (a. 1059?): Iliad of Homer, with extensive marginal and interlinear scholia
Vatican, BAV, gr. 65 (scribe: hypatos and imperial notary Theodoros; 1063): Isocrates
Paris, BnF, Coislin 248 (scribe: Theodosios; 1065; likely in the environment of the Evergetis monastery): Cyril of Alexandria; also Germanos
Venice, Marc. gr. Z 471: Dionysios Periegetes, Euripides (5 tragedies) with marginal notes
Venice, Marc. gr. Z 474: Aristophanes with scholia
Heidelberg, Universitätsbibliothek, Pal. gr. 88: Lysias, Antisthenes, Gorgias (Helen’s Encomium)
Morgan Library and Museum, M.758: Aristotle, Topics
Vatican, BAV, gr. 504 (scribe: Ἰωάννης Χάλδης, εὐτελὴς ἱερομόναχος. 1105): Maximos the Confessor and other Theological works
Vatican, BAV, gr. 1611 (a. 1116-1117; school of St. Peter, Con/ple): Niketas of Herakleia, Catena on the Gospel of Luke
Two important scholars/scribes
Ioannikios (Logaras?), ἄζυξ ταπεινὸς γραμματικός (RGK II 283 and III 341) (second half of the 12th c. ?). 27 mss. have been attributed to him (though not all of them with certainty). Ioannikios was most likely the same person as the highly learned monk and grammatikos Ioannikios to whom two poems by Prodromos and, possibly, a letter by Glykas are addressed and who was the author of several schede as well as likely a poem (cf. Papaioannou 2013: 257-8; see further Nesseris 2014: II 256-63 for a full ergo-bibliography and the identification of Ioannikios’ likely surname)
Some examples (following Wilson 1983 and Degni 2008):
– Paris, BnF, gr. 2722, ff. 16r-32v, on Spanish paper (f. 27v: note by Ioannikios’ collaborator): Apollodoros, Bibliotheke (the most ancient codex preserving this work; notably also a text used by Ioannes Tzetzes)
– Vatican, BAV, gr. 1319 (Spanish paper: ff. 31r-64v and 66r-213v, Ioannikios): Homer, Iliad (with corrections by Ioannikios himself; sporadic interlinear notes by collaborator B; restoration (on Western paper) and text written also in the early 14th c. by Nikolaos Triklinios (ff. 25r-29v, 30v; 64v-65r, and 214r-220v) and then also by Georgios Alexandrou, professor in Rome from 1489 (ff. 1r-13v, 153,24v, and 221r).
– Paris, BnF, gr. 1849 (Spanish paper; ff. 1r-97v and 111r-206v: Ioannikios): Aristotle, Metaphysics and various works by Galen
– Florence, BML, Plut. 31.10 (Spanish paper): Euripides (8 plays), Sophocles (7 plays)
– Florence, BML, Plut. 74.5 (Spanish paper; ff. 3r-54r, 58r-90v, 123r, and 133r-139r: Ioannikios): Galen
– Florence, BML, Plut. 74.18 (Arabic paper): Galen (on f. 322r, Ioannikios’ colophon in verse):
+τέλος τέτευχα τ(ῆς) παρούσης πυξίδος,
μηνὸς τρέχοντος ἀρτίως ἀπριλλίου·
τῇ δευτέρᾳ πρόδηλον αὖθις ἡμέρᾳ
ἄζυξ, ταπεινὸς γραμματικὸς (δε) πλέον
Ἰωαννίκιος Ἰωάννῃ, φίλῳ+
– Firenze, BML, Plut. 75.5 (Spanish paper; ff. lr-165r and 243v-324v: Ioannikios): Aitios, Galen; on f. 165r, the following epigram:
+δέξαι πόνημα μικρὸν, ὦ κρήνη λόγων,
δέλτου μεγίστης, ὡς δέον σωσηβρότου·
ὁ Ἰωαννίκιος ἐξάδει, τάδε+
– Firenze, BML, Plut. 75.7 (Spanish paper; ff. 14r-218r and 220v-244r: Ioannikios): Aitios, etc.; on f. 216r, the following epigram:
χειρὸς πόνος πέφυκεν ὡδὶ καὶ μέγ(ας)-
κόπος δὲ μικρὸς καὶ δόσ(ις) ἀμυδρέα:-
σὺ δ᾽ ὦ σοφῶν πρώτιστε (καὶ) τ(ῶν) ῥητόρων,
μή μου παρόψει τὸν βραχύτατον πόνον+
– Florence, BML, Plut. 81.18 (Arabic paper; ff. 3r-104v: Ioannikios): Aristotle; on this ms. also a third collaborator C (ff. 105r-135r [l. 8]); and collaborator B (ff. 135r [l. 9]-143r)
– Florence, BML, Plut. 87.4 (Spanish paper; ff. lr-144v and 147v-190r: Ioannikios): Aristotle (natural sciences, etc.); on f. 144v, another epigram:
+ πόνημα πλεῖστον της γραφῆς τοῦ βιβλίου:-
δόσις δὲ μικρὰ, τὴν ἀτυχίαν βλέπε:
(καὶ) μᾶλλον εἰπεῖν τὴν τοσαύτην μωρίαν:
σὺ δ᾽ ὁ βλέπων νόησον εἰ θέλεις φίλε,
καὶ τῶι κόπωι δίδοιο ναὶ καὶ τὴν δόσιν:
δόξεις γὰρ ἡμῖν προσφιλέστατο(ς) πλέον.
οἱ γὰρ λόγοι, πόνημα τῶι λόγων δότη: –
– Vatican, BAV, Barb. gr. 591 (Spanish paper): copied by the collaborator of Ioannikios; text: Philoponos, Comm. on the Physics; Dionysios the Areopagite, On Divine Names
Some palaeographical characteristics (citing Wilson 1983):
(1) α: consisting of a loop and a long bold down-stroke at an angle of forty-five degrees, (2) the enormous compendium for the syllable -ων
(3) the very long strokes in the compendium for the syllable -ον
(4) use of a curving stroke for the letter η
(5) position of the iota adscript, which has begun to shrink and descend towards the subscript position
One of Ioannikios’ “collaborators” was Burgundio of Pisa (1110-1193; in 1136 and 1169-1171 as ambassador in Constantinople), translator of Chrysostom, Ioannes Damaskenos, and Nemesios. His notes occur in the mss. Florence, Laur. Plut 74.5, 74.18, 74.25, 74.30, and Paris, BnF, gr. 1849 (e.g. ff. 98r and 100r) (see above).
Wilson, N. G. (1983) “A Mysterious Byzantine Scriptorium: Ioannikios and His Colleagues,” S&C 7: 161-76.
Wilson, N. G. (1991) “Ioannikios and Burgundio: A Survey of the Problem,” in: Scritture, libri e testi nelle aree provinciali (Spoleto)447-55.
Degni, P. (2008) “I manoscritti dello “scriptorium” di Gioannicio,” Segno e Testo 6: 179-248.
Degni, P. (2010) “”In margine” a Gioannicio: nuove osservazioni e un nuovo codice (Laur. San Marco 695),” in ALETHES PHILIA. Studi in onore di Giancarlo PRATO a cura di Marco D’Agostino e Paola Degni (Spoleto) 321-340.
Baldi, D. (2011) “Ioannikios e il Corpus Aristotelicum,” Revue d’Histoire des Textes 6: 15-26.
Nesseris, I. (2014) Η Παιδεία στην Κωνσταντινούπολη κατὰ τὸν 12ο αιώνα, PhD diss. (Ioannina) vol. II 256-63.
For Eustathios, bishop of Thessalonike (ca. 1115-1195/6; bishop ca. 1178)
Venice, Marc. gr. 460 (coll. 330) and Paris, BNF, gr. 2702: Parekbolai on the Odyssey
Florence, BML, Plut. 59.2 and 59.3 Parekbolai on the Iliad
Venice, Marc. gr. 448: the Suda
Formentin, M. (1983) “La grafia di Eustazio di Tessalonica,” Boll-Grott n. s. 37: 19-50.
Liverani, I. A. (2001) “Sul sistema di interpunzione in Eustazio di Tessalonica,” Medioevo greco 1: 187-197.
Cullhed, E. (2016) Eustathios of Thessalonike. Commentary on Homer’s Odyssey. Volume I. On Rhapsodies A-B (Uppsala)
Post-1204 (primarily: 13th- early 14th c.)
General Features:
– Included letters: e.g. ι in ο, ν in ο
– Appearance of ‘modern’ final “ς”
– Accents and breathings joined with each other or with letters: e.g. with α, ω
‘Fettaugen-Mode’ / ‘Betta-Gamma’ style (late 12th-early 14th c.; or, rather, the product of the chancellery at the Laskarid court?)
Some examples:
Florence, BML, Plut. 32.8 (Iliad)
Vatican, BAV, gr. 191 (e.g. f. 365v) (Mathematics and Astronomy)
Paris suppl. gr. 462: dated to 1312/3; scribe: Ἰωάννης ἁμαρτωλὸς τάχα ἱερεύς. Text: Zonaras’ dictionary)
Characteristic letters:
large ο, ε, θ, ω
lunar/lunate σ with exaggerated semicircular loop
large β and γ , heartshaped β
left-inclined ε
enclitic δὲ
broken ἐπὶ
elaborate flourishes at the end of lines
Hunger, H. (1972) “Die sogenannte Fettaugen-Mode in griechischen Handschriften des 13. und 14. Jahrhunderts,” Byzantinische Forschungen 4: 105-13 (= Hunger, Byzantinische Grundlagenforschung, 1983, II).
Wilson, N. G. (1977) “Nicaean and Palaeologan Hands: Introduction to a Discussion,” in: La paléographie grecque et byzantine (Paris) 263-267.
Wilson, N. (2002) “The Interpretation of Scribal Habits,” in G. Prato (ed.), I manoscritti greci tra riflessione e dibattito : Atti del 5 Colloquio internazionale di paleografia greca, Cremona, 4-10 ottobre 1998 (Florence) 685-688.
Bianchi, E. Fettaugen-Mode e Beta-gamma Stil: nuove ricerche e una diversa ipotesi interpretativa (PhD thesis; Rome 2015).
See also:
Prato, G. (1981) “La produzione libraria in area greco-orientale nel periodo del regno latino di Costantinopoli (1204-1261),” Scrittura e civiltà 5: 105-147 (= Prato, Studi di paleografia greca, 1994, 31-72).
Hunger, H. (1990-91) “Gibt es einen Angeloi-Stil?,” RHM32/33: 21-35.
Prato, G. (1991) “I manoscritti greci dei secoli XIII e XIV: note paleografiche,” in Paleografia e codicologia greca (Alessandria) I 131-149 and II 81-96 (= Prato, Studi di paleografia greca, 1994, 115-131).
Hunger, H. (1995) “Elemente der byzantinischen Urkundenschrift in literarischen Handschriften des 12. und 13. Jahrhunderts,” RHM 37: 27-40.
Pieralli, L. (2000) “Le scritture dei documenti imperiali del XIII secolo,” in I manoscritti greci tra riflessione e dibattito: I 273-293; Tables, 1-12 (pp. 191-204).
Bianconi, D. (2004) “Libri e mani. Sulla formazione di alcune miscellanee dell’età dei Paleologi,” Segno e Testo 2: 311-63.
Agapitos, P. A. (2006) Ἀφήγησις Λιβίστρου καὶ Pοδάμνης. Kριτικὴ ἔκδοση τῆς διασκευὴς «ἄλφα» (Athens) 51-53.
Mondrain, B. (2008) “Les écritures dans les manuscrits byzantins du XIVe siècle. Quelques problématiques,” in Ricordo di Lidia Perria (Rome) III 157-196 ( = RSBN n.s. 44 [2007]).
Some important late 13th / early 14th-c. examples:
Oxford, Baroccianus 131 (ca. 1250-1280) (paper); Menander Rhetor, Himerios; Basilakes’ Progymnasmata, John Tzetzes’ poetry, Manasses’ Synopsis Chronikê, Eumathios Makrembolites’ The Story [drama] of Hysmine and Hysminias.
Letters: Synesios, Michael Choniates, Nikephoros Blemmydes, Theodoros Prodromos, (Niketas Magistros), Procopius of Gaza, (Konstantinos Porphyrogennetos), (Theodoros of Kyzikos), (Symeon Metaphrastes), Psellos, Michael Italikos, Theophylaktos Simokattes, (Photios), (Basil), Basil and Libanios, Gregory of Nazianzos, Apokaukos
Wilson, N. G. (1978) “A Byzantine Miscellany: Ms. Barocci 131 described,” Jahrbuch der österreichischen Byzantinistik 27: 158-179.
Pérez-Martín, I. (2013) “The Transmission of Some Writings by Psellos in Thirteenth-century Constantinople,” in A. Rigo (ed.), Theologica Minora: The Minor Genres of Byzantine Theological Literature (Turnhout) 159-185, at 168-173.
– Vatican, BAV, Barb. gr. 240 (Libanios, Basilakes, Psellos, etc.)
scribe G of Oxford, Baroc. 131
– Vatican, BAV, gr. 305 (paper ; ca. 1260; scribe Theophylaktos Saponopoulos [RGK III 233]): Theodoros Prodromos
– Basel, UB gr. 46 (A.III.20) (scribe: Theoleptos, monachos) (contents: Eustathios of Thessalonike)
Schönauer, S. (2000) “Zum Eustathios-Codex Basileensis,” JÖB 50: 231-241.
– Florence, Laur. Conv. Soppr. 627 (Betta-Gamma style); cf. ms. transmission of the Greek Novels
– Venice, Marcianus 524 (ca. 1280 and 1290)
Letters: Arethas, Psellos; 11th- and 12th-century poetry including poems by Theodoros Prodromos, Konstantinos Stilbes, and Konstantinos Manasses
Odorico, P. and C. Messis (2003) “L’Anthologie Comnène du Cod. Marc. Gr. 524: Problèmes d’édition et problèmes d’évaluation,” in W. Hörandner and M. Grünbart (eds.), L’épistolographie et la poésie épigrammatique: Projets actuels et questions de méthodologie. Actes de la 16e Table ronde du XXe Congrès international des Études byzantines (Paris) 191-213.
Rhoby, A. (2010) “Zur Identifizierung von bekannten Autoren im Codex Marcianus graecus 524,” MEG 10: 167-204.
Spingou, F. (2012) Words and Artworks in the Twelfth Century and Beyond: The Thirteenth-century Manuscript Marcianus gr. 524 and the Twelfth-century Dedicatory Epigrams on Works of Art (PhD Thesis; Oxford).
Theodora Palaiologina Raoulaina (ca. 1240-1300, Constantinople), RGK III 206; Betta-Gamma style
Vatican, BAV, gr. 1899 (Ailios Aristeides), copied by her
Moscow, GIM, Mus. sobr. 3649 (Aristotle, Physics with Simplikios’ commentary) copied under her supervision; cf. Fonkič, B. L. 1974 (VV 36: 134-138; plate at 137)
Talbot, A.-M. (1984) “Bluestocking Nuns: Intellectual Life in the Convents of Late Byzantium,” in C. Mango and O. Pritsak (eds.), Okeanos: Essays Presented to Ihor Sevcenko on His Sixtieth Birthday (Cambridge, Mass.) 604-18.
Schreiner, P. (1999) “Kopistinnen in Byzanz. Mit einer Anmerkung zur Schreiberin Eugenia im Par. lat. 7560,” RSBN n.s. 36: 35-45, at 37-38.
Kotzabassi, S. (2011) “Scholarly Friendship in the Thirteenth Century: Patriarch Gregorios II Kyprios and Theodora Raoulaina,” Parekbolai 1: 115-170.
Georgios/Gregorios of Cyprus(ca. 1241-1290; Patriarch: March 1283-June 1289); Betta-Gamma style
RGK ΙΙ 99
Paris, BNF, gr. 2998: Rhetorical collection (Demosthenes, Libanios, Synesios’ Letters, etc.)
Paris, BNF, suppl. gr. 642: Aristotle etc.
Munich, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek, gr. 225: Maximos the Confessor and Nikephoros Blemmydes
Lameere, W. (1937) La tradition manuscrite de la correspondance de Grégoire de Chypre (Brussels and Rome).
Pérez-Martín, I. (1996) El patriarca Gregorio de Chipre (ca. 1240-1290) y la transmisión de los textos clásicos en Bizancio (Madrid).
Kotzabassi, S. (1998) Die handschriftliche Überlieferung der rhetorischen und hagiographischen Werke des Gregor von Zypern (Wiesbaden).
Some further notable scribes/readers/scholars in this period; scripts between “informality” and “formality”
(Manuel) Maximos Planoudes (ca. 1255-ca. 1305; RGK I 259bis, II 357) and his circle
Edinburgh, National Library of Scotland, MS Adv. 18.7.15 (ca. 1290): Cleomedes, Circular Theory of the Stars
Milan, Ambros. suppl. 157 sup. (Martini-Bassi 0780): mathematical treatises (Iamblichus; Diophantus)
Vatican, BAV, Reg. gr. 132 and 133 (autograph): Planoudes’ Greek translation of Ovid’s Metamorphoses and Heroides
Venice, Marc. gr. 481 (1299-1301): Planoudean Anthology and the Paraphrase of the Gospel of John by Nonnos
Paris, BNF, gr. 2722, 6r-15v: Theocritus
Paris, BNF, Coislin 169 (ca. 1300): Theocritus with scholia; written by Ioannes, Planoudes’ collaborator
Florence, BML, Plut. 32.16 (ca. 1280; circle of Planoudes); Nonnos’ Dionysiaka, Apollonios’ Argonautika, Hesiod, Oppian, Gregory of Nazianzos’ poetry etc.
Also owned by Planoudes: Munich, gr. 430; 10th-c. Thucydides, with extensive marginal scholia; on f. IIv, he noted the death of Theodora Raoulaina
Pérez-Martín, I. (1989) “Planudes y el monasterio de Acatalepto. A propósito del Monacensis gr. 430 de Tucidides (Ω. 4-5 y 83-5),” Erytheia 10.2: 303-3087.
Pérez-Martín, I. (1997) “La “escuela de Planudes”: Notas paleográficas a una publicación reciente sobre los escolios euripideos,” BZ 90: 73-96.
Mondrain, B. (2002) “Maxime Planude, Nicéphore Grégoras et Ptolémée,” in P. Schreiner and O. Strakhov (eds.), Χρυσαῖ πύλαι – Златая врата. Essays to Ihor Ševčenko on His Eightieth Birthday by His Colleagues and Students (Cambridge, Mass.) 312-22.
Bianconi, D. (2005) “La biblioteca di Cora tra Massimo Planude e Niceforo Gregora. Una questione di mani,” S&T 3: 391-438.
Karla, G. A. (2006) “Maximos Planoudes: Dr. Bowdler in Byzanz? Zensur und Innovation im Späten Byzanz,” Classica et mediaevalia 57: 213-238.
Nikephoros Gregoras (1290-1360) (RGK II 416, III 491)
Bianconi, D. (2005) “La biblioteca di Cora tra Massimo Planude e Niceforo Gregora. Una questione di mani,” S&T 3: 391-438, at 406-438. (ca. 50 mss.)
Vatican, BAV, gr. 1086 (Gregoras’ texts, some of which transcribed by him; his own scholia added throughout); cf. further: Manolova, D. (2014) Discourses of Science and Philosophy in the Letters of Nikephoros Gregoras (PhD diss.; Central European University).
Some further mss.:
Paris, BNF, gr. 1776 (Metochites, etc.)
Florence, BML, Plut. 70.05: Appian, Psellos, etc.
Heidelberg, Universitätsbibliothek, Pal. gr. 129
Thessalonike
Pérez-Martín, I. (2000) “El “estilo Salonicense”: Un modo de escribir en la Salónica del siglo XIV,” in I manoscritti greci tra riflessione e debattito (Florence) 311-31.
Bianconi, D. (2005) Tessalonica nell’età dei Paleologi. Le pratiche intellettuali nel riflesso della cultura scritta (Paris).
Ioannes Pothos Pediasimos (ca. 1250-early 13th c.)
Vatican, BAV, gr. 64 (1269-1270 in Thessalonike); cf. Bianconi, D. (2004) “Libri e mani. Sulla formazione di alcune miscellanee dell’età dei Paleologi,” Segno e Testo 2: 311-63 (esp. p. 335-341)
Vatican, BAV, gr. 191 (in ‘Fettaugen’) with Vatican, BAV, gr. 1891 (letter-collections, etc.)
Pérez-Martín, I. (2010) “L’écriture de l’Hypatos Jean Pothos Pédiasimos d’après ses scholies aux Elementa d’Euclide,” Scriptorium 64: 109-119.
Pérez-Martín, I. (2021) “Once more on the Life and Handwriting of the hypatos tōn philosophōn John Pothos Pediasimos,” in Ch. Dendrinos and I. Giarenis (eds.), Bibliophilos: Books and Learning in the Byzantine World. Festschrift in honour of Costas N. Constantinides (Berlin and Boston), 313-330.
Demetrios Triklinios (Triklines) (fl. 1308-ca. 1330), RGK I 104, II 136, III 170; and his circle
Examples:
Florence, BML, Plut. 32.2: Hesiod, Sophocles, Aeschylus, Euripides
Naples, II F31 (ca. 1330)
Also:
Rome, Vallicell. B 70, c. 1320, portion written by Ioannes Katrares in the circle of Triklinios
Cf. also: Vatican, BAV, Palat. gr. 287 (ca. 1310-20)(Greek Tragedians) and Venice, Marc. gr. 616 (ca. 1320-1325)
Cf. Paris, BNF, gr. 2722, 33r-v (ca. 1320; an anonymous collaborator of Triklinios): Planudes, Anthologia
Smith, O. L. (1975) Studies in the Scholia on Aeschylus I: The Recensions of Demetrius Triclinius (Leiden).
Wilson, N. G. (1978) “Planudes and Triclinius,” GRBS 19: 389-94.
Shotwell, M. H. (1982) On the Originality of Demetrius Triclinius in Editing and Commenting on the Byzantine Triad of Aeschylus (diss., Brown Univ. Providence, R.I.).
Wilson, N. G. (1981) “Miscellanea Palaeographica, I: Planudes and Triclinius again,” GRBS 22: 395-7.
Smith, O. L. (1981-82) “Tricliniana,” Classica & Mediaevalia 33: 239-62.
Smith, O. L. (1992) “Tricliniana II,” Classica & Mediaevalia 43: 187-229.
Smith, O. L. (1994) “The Development of Demetrius Triclinius’ Script Style: Remarks on Some Criteria,” Classica & Mediaevalia 45: 239-50.
Autographa in the late period
Ševčenko, I. (1960) “The Author’s Draft of Nicolas Cabasilas’ “Anti-zealot” Discourse in Parisinus Graecus 1276,” DOP 14: 181-201.
Prato, G. (1981) “Un autografo di Teodoro II Lascaris imperatore di Nicea?” JÖB 30: 249-258.
Canart, P. and G. Prato (1981) “Les recueils organisés par Jean Chortasménos et le problème de ses autographes,” in Hunger H. (ed.) Studien zum Patriarchatsregister von Konstantinopel (Vienna) 115-178.
Harlfinger, D. (1996) “Autographa aus der Palaiologenzeit,“ in W. Seibt (ed.), Geschichte und Kultur der Palaiologenzeit (Vienna) 43-50.
Fonkič, B. L. (1999) “Les autographes de Philotheos Kokkinos, patriarche de Constantinople,” in Manuscrits Grecs dans les Collections Européenes. Études Paléographiques et Codicologiques 1988-1998 (Moscow) 78-92 = “Gli autografi del patriarca di Costantinopoli Philotheos Kokkinos,” in S. Lucà and L. Perria (eds.), Ὀπώρα. Studi in onore di mgr Paul Canart per il LXX compleanno (Grottaferrata) III 239-254.
Mondrain, B. (2000) “La constitution de corpus d’Aristote et de ses commentateurs aux XIIIe-XIVe siècles,” Codices Manuscripti 29: 11-33.
Kotzabassi, S. (2003) “Ein neues Autographon des Nikolaos Kabasilas: der Kodex Vatic. Palat. Gr. 211 », Wiener Jahrbuch für Kunstgeschichte, 53: 187-194.
For an example:
Γεώργιος Παχυμέρης (1242-1310) RGK II 89, III 115
Florence, BML Plut. 87.5: Aristotle’s Physics with Pachymeres’ paraphrasis
cf. Golitsis, P. (2007) “Un commentaire perpétuel de Georges Pachymère à la Physique d’Aristote, faussement attribué à Michel Psellos,” Byzantinische Zeitschrift 100: 637-676.
Golitsis, P. (2008) “Georges Pachymère comme didascale. Essai pour une reconstitution de son enseignement philosophique,” Jahrbuch der Österreichischen Byzantinistik 58: 53-68.
15th-c. Cretans
Michael Apostoles (1422-1478) (RGK I 278, II 379)
Stefec, R. (2013) “Zu Handschriften aus dem Umkreis des Michael Apostoles in Beständen der Österreichischen Nationalbibliothek,” JÖB 63: 221-236.
An example:
Paris, BNF, gr. 3059 (ff. 23-203; 205-207): Apostoles, Συναγωγὴ Παροιμιῶν, Philostratos, Theodoros Prodromos
Michael Lygizos (second half of the 15th c.) (RGK I 282, II 386, III 465)
examples
British Library, Arundel MS 545 [Scribes (ff. 47-48v) Γεώργιος Τριβιζίας (RGK I 73) and (ff. 1-47, 49-196) Μιχαὴλ Λύγιζος (colophon, f. 196)): Thucydides
Paris, BNF, gr. 2706 (ff. 1r-139v): Aristarchos on the Iliad
Vienna, phil. gr. 316 (ff. 1r-55v: Philostratos)
Βιβλία καὶ λόγοι 